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Summary – The U.S. has authorized the sale of AIM-120D-3 missiles to Pakistan, upgrading its F-16 jets and signaling stronger defense ties amid regional security concerns.,
Article –
The United States has officially approved the sale of AIM-120D-3 Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missiles (AMRAAM) to Pakistan in early September 2025. This significant defense transaction aims to upgrade the Pakistan Air Force’s existing fleet of F-16 Fighting Falcon jets, enhancing their air-to-air combat capabilities with advanced missile technology.
Missile Capabilities and Features
The AIM-120D-3 missile stands out as one of the most advanced air-to-air missiles in the U.S. arsenal. Its key features include:
- Superior engagement range
- Improved kinematic performance
- Enhanced guidance and targeting systems
- Ability to detect, track, and engage multiple enemy targets with high accuracy
These capabilities enable fighter aircraft to perform with increased precision and reliability in contested airspace, making it an essential upgrade for Pakistan’s F-16 fleet.
Parties Involved
This sale involves several crucial stakeholders:
- U.S. Department of Defense: Authorized the sale and oversees the process.
- Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA): Managed legal and logistical aspects of the foreign military sale.
- Pakistan Air Force: The recipient and operator of the upgraded F-16 jets.
- Pakistan Ministry of Defense: Initiated the request for modernization in response to evolving regional security needs.
The upgrade reaffirms military cooperation between the U.S. and Pakistan, supporting broader strategic goals to promote regional stability in South Asia.
Reactions from Key Stakeholders
In the United States:
- Officials emphasized that the sale complies with U.S. laws, including the Arms Export Control Act.
- The White House reassured that the deal will not compromise national security or regional peace efforts.
- Lawmakers expressed mixed views—some supporting enhanced ties with Pakistan, while others voiced concerns over regional arms competition, particularly between Pakistan and India.
In Pakistan:
- Defense Ministry officials welcomed the sale as a reinforcement of bilateral military relations.
- Military analysts highlighted the strategic advantage offered by the AIM-120D-3 in air-to-air combat within a tense security environment.
The Path Forward
Following this approval, the transaction will proceed through formal contracts and procurement processes under the U.S. Foreign Military Sales program. Key next steps include:
- Manufacturing and logistical coordination, with missile deliveries expected within 12 to 18 months.
- Comprehensive training and integration programs for Pakistan Air Force pilots and maintenance teams, supported by U.S. defense contractors.
- Potential for future upgrades to avionics, sensors, and additional weapons systems within Pakistan’s air force fleet.
Experts and observers will monitor the geopolitical impact of this sale closely, especially its influence on the power dynamics in South Asia.
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